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Friday, September 10, 2010

Why Catholics Can't Sing

A couple of months ago, I read Catholic Matters, and wrote the hotly debated blog post about it here.  In his book, Father Neuhaus references Thomas Day's Why Catholics Can't Sing: The Culture of Catholicism and the Triumph of Bad Taste.  I was majorly intrigued by the book and immediately moved it to my ever-growing amazon wish-list.  Then my dear friend and mentor, Leslie, told me Day's book was a classic in their family.  The book very quickly moved from my wish-list to my cart!!

Why Catholics Can't Sing: The Culture of Catholicism and the Triumph of Bad TasteThomas Day does a brilliant analysis of the modern day liturgy and the history of Catholic music in America.  To begin, he describes the influence of the Irish in American Catholicism.  Yet when we look at the history of Irish Catholics, we are stunned by the oppression they experienced!  "From the sixteenth century to the nineteenth, the Catholic Irish were the most systematically and ruthlessly suppressed people in all of Western Europe" (pg. 19).  He goes on to describe the silent Masses Irish Catholics held behind barns and in fields.  Singing would draw attention, so they were silent. 

This is where I show my age.  Apparently previous to Vatican II, silent Masses were quite normal in America, much to the chagrin of the Vatican.   "There were exceptions...but, before the Second Vatican Council, the Irish and their cousins in the United States acquired the reputation for being people who were frigidly indifferent to liturgical music, if not hostile.  They did not need such things" (pg. 21).   Post Vatican II, Irish folk songs "were, and in some ways still are, the foundation of Roman Catholic church music in the United States" (pg. 27).   He goes further to explain, but I'll let you read it for yourself!  Fascinating!

In his chapter "Ego Renewal" which had me laughing from the first sentence, he notes, "Paul fretted about the charismatics who could impress everyone with a gift of tongues that was more theatrical than spiritual" (pg. 58).  His fictional choir director, Mr. Caruso, letting loose at full volume and the choir on or next to the Altar do suggest that Paul would not be pleased with the theatrical performances today.  Day then makes notes of particular songs.  He lists several and writes a paragraph about each.  I'll focus on few briefly- all quotes from pg. 61:
  • Make Me a Channel of Your Peace: "The founder of the Franciscans intended this deeply moving prayer to be recited privately...sound like an obnoxious form of boasting, an inventory of my spiritual greatness."
  • Let There Be Peace on Earth- "There is not a syllable referring to God's saving grace or the peace that flows from Christ.  "I" bring peace on earth by myself; God merely watches on, approvingly."
  • They'll Know We Are Christians by Our Love: "This song canonizes every member of the perfect, sinless congregation."
  • We Are The Light of the World: gives the impression "they have lived up to the standards of the Beatitudes, without faltering once and without a speck of sin." 
He recognizes that the narcissism in the above listed songs might be in his imagination alone, but gives a grave warning about
"the tendency of this music to let the congregation become the 'Voice of God.'...In Other words, the composer sets the text so that the congregation sings God's words, usually without quotation marks, in a somewhat bored, relaxed, almost casual style.  This is startling and unprecedented in the history of Christianity" (pg. 64).
For example:
  • Be Not Afraid
  • Hosea: Come Back to Me
  • I am the Resurrection
  • I Have Loved You with an Everlasting Love
  • Lord of the Dance
"Here is the revolution.  Here is where the folk phenomenon has completely changed the very idea of worship.  In all of the above religious songs, "I" and "me" do not mean the individual worshiper but God Himself.  Through the miracle of "contemporary" music, the congregation (and each individual in it) becomes the Voice of God" (pg. 65). 
Roman Catholicism has now gone from this type of extreme caution to a situation where the congregation, without giving it a second thought, "plays God" in song and makes Him into a dreamy, slow-moving divinity, that endearing mascot of the believers at the folk liturgy" (pg. 66). 
Furthermore:
"This is all very puzzling.   The documents of the Second Vatican Council praise the beauties of the pipe organ; they indicate that Gregorian chant should receive an honored place in worship" (pg. 93).
I could easily go on and on and on.  (and I am tempted to!)  But I will stop here and recommend that everyone read this book and buy a copy for their pastor and music director! 

OH!  ONE LAST THOUGHT!  He closes the book by pointing out that Here I Am, Lord shares in part a melody with the theme song from The Brady Bunch!!! 

"Is it I, Lord.  I have heard you calling in the night..."
"Here's the story, of a lovely lady who was bringing up three very lovely girls." 

As much as I loved this book, I fear I will never be able to worship to these songs ever again without great effort and focus!  (And that may not be a bad thing!)

29 comments:

Sarah said...

This books sounds neat! I love learning the historical development of things we sort of take for granted today. And really... I always felt weird, even as a small child, singing the songs where we made God's words our own. It just felt weird to me (especially Lord of the Dance. I never got it.)

Allie said...

Here I Am Lord has been my favorite hymn since I was a child. Someone on another blog mentioned the Brady Bunch connection about a month ago, and it has *completely* ruined it for me... -_-

Lauren @ Magnify the Lord with Me said...

Allie, my husband feels the same way!

Sarah- I used to LOVE "Lord of the Dance"! It's a fun beat! But...not for Mass!

Sarah said...

Lauren - I agree, it does have a fun beat! I just always felt weird singing it at Mass lol. Allie, Here I Am Lord was a fave of mine too... those lyrics were easier for me. I never heard the Brady Bunch connection until now!

Karey said...

I tend to differ on this topic from what I've read on a lot of other blogs. I don't have as big of a problem with the folk songs and this is why - upon my re-conversion several years ago, I started to read the Bible for the first time in my life. I was very intimidated going into it and thought I'd have no idea what I was reading. But I was wrong. I soon realized I *had* come across so many passages before - in the songs I sang over and over when I was in the Children's Choir at my parish growing up. And it was those folk songs. A great deal quote directly from Scripture.

And I love 'Be Not Afraid' and even as a child never once thought I was singing anything but God's words to us. Repeating those words to myself has gotten me through many a tough time!

Very interesting topic though! And don't get me wrong, I definitely LOVE the chants we sing at my parish now and wouldn't want it any other way. I just don't think the folk songs are as bad as others :)

Cathy said...

I love this book too.

I just deleted an entire comment because I couldn't make it sound non-snobby. Here's a second try.

Catholics, in some twisted effort to seem non-elitist and to "level the playing field", tend to have "All are Welcome" choirs.
That's not a problem if you're a small parish with literally not enough people to do otherwise.
But in a big parish with a reasonable pool of talent, you shouldn't do that.
I know better than to audition for my parish's choirs. I can't sing Palestrina. I can't sing Mozart. Therefore, I *do not belong.*

Aside from talent, there are SPECIFIC rules to music at Mass. Pope Benedict has written on the subject extensively, and he is a musician and a music scholar. Let's listen to him.

Catholic Mass was, for hundreds of years, the most important music a person (even a non-Catholic like Bach could compose. The best music in the WORLD was written for Catholic Mass. We have, as a whole, lost this treasury which should have been handed down to us.

We have lost Gregorian Chant.

WHY? WHY, when the documents of V2 said it was *specifically* to be given pride of place?
You do NOT have to be a genius, or even musical, to learn to chant.

We bring in instruments which are secular and associated with the secular world which the Pope has repeatedly said do not belong at Holy Mass.
If I want to hear Morning Has Broken being strummed on a GEE-tar by some guy in jeans, I can go down to the coffee house on the corner. When I'm at Mass, I'm supposed to feel otherworldly. The veil between heaven and earth is literally lifted at each Mass. I shouldn't be hearing coffee shop music.

Parishes complain, we don't have the talent for Mozart or Rheinberger.
Yet every. single. December., they manage to sing a half-decent version of Messiah.
Nothing stops them from trying.

You might not have the talent for the Mozart Requiem, but Mozart wrote a boatload of Missae Brevis which even a choir of limited means can sing. Beautiful music does not have to be complicated and too difficult.

And burning that Gather hymnal and returning to actual Catholic hymns people love to sing is free, and also an option.

Cathy said...

ps I await the flames in my asbestos suit.
;)

Sarah said...

AYWH - I just read a great blog on First Things the other day pointing out that some music that often gets looked down upon as not worthy for Mass is actually directly from scripture, like the Psalms. I can definitely appreciate the criticism of some modern worship um adaptations (and I love a certain parish's commitment to traditional music :)) but I can also see how some other songs really could be appropriate.

Lauren @ Magnify the Lord with Me said...

YEA!!!! I love discussion!! Sarah- I'm so glad you keep coming back to answer other comments! :)

AYWH- I completely get what you're saying about discoving you already know the Scriptures in song. It's awesome!! And having God's Words come back to you when you need them the most is exactly what we're supposed to do! "God's word is alive and active in me!" My dlimma is two fold- singing words from God's voice casually and focusing on ME makes the Mass all about, well, ME! Mass should be about worship- not me. My other problem is the piano-bar style that Cathy notes! Mass is supposed to be other worldly- not moving secular beats and instrument into some plain Church where we're bored to tears.

Cathy- no asbestos suit needed here! Your comment cracked me up- esp that you had to delete your first version! :) I hear you loud and clear on the Gregorian Chant and Organ receiving pride of place. LOUD and CLEAR. What is the deal with that??? And excellent pont regarding Handal's Messiah!!! Great reference to All Are Welcome. I can't stand that song. I've refused to sing it for years. All are NOT welcome and why are we singing about US???

My ipod is full of songs worshiping the Lord with more secular styles- the more trendy praise adn worship songs. I love them and find them totally appropriate for my personal praise. But I notice that sometimes I am singing them far too casually and not even thinking about them- and then I take a break. But I also have a playlist labeled beautiful music that contains the great classics. It is truly uplifting and, well, beautiful!!! One of the major characteristics of God is that He Is Beautiful!!! Shouldn't music in Holy Mass reflect that? When I participate in a Mass that apprciates beauty, I walk out feeling totally fulfilled. (not that it's about feelings, but you know what I mean, I think!)

Cathy said...

The most awesome thing about traditional church music, say from 800 AD to 1900, was that if you wanted to write church music, here were the lyrics you had to work with:

Lord have mercy
Christ have mercy
Lord have mercy

or

Glory to God in the highest
and on earth peace to men of goodwill

etc.

You could not inject your own brand of spirituality, your own feelings, no matter how lofty and beautiful they were, because there was no such thing as church "songs."

Outside of the unchangeable parts of the Mass, you could write a Stabat Mater or a Magnificat if you wanted to go nuts, but again, the words had already been written. The music you composed was your contribution.

When a non-Catholic, no matter how nice he is, writes a song for Mass, you cannot expect it to express the Real Presence, the core belief of our entire Church. He doesn't *believe* that. Marty Haugen does not believe in the Real Presence, which is probably why so many of his songs (and Haas, too) talk over and over again about bread, bread, bread and wine, wine, wine.
Protestants also have a different view of worship, in many cases. Catholics have a Sunday obligation because we believe this is owed to God - to worship Him. Many prots. don't subscribe to this view. They have a more casual relationship with worship. Their services are oftentimes more about how God makes them feel. (This is NOT an indictment on protestantism nor am I meaning to derail the thread - and I know not ALL prots feel this way - but I grew up in the South and have been to a protestant service or twelve.)

I'm sure Haugen is a nice fellow, but his core religious beliefs are at odds with mine. I think this comes across sometimes in his lyrics - I don't think he is evil or intentionally doing this. But he's a human being, and what he believes, he is going to write.
Bach was a Lutheran, but he wasn't allowed to write about it in his music.
:)

Cathy said...

Lauren,

LOL - I had no idea "All are Welcome" was a song.

Woot!

Sarah said...

Lauren haha I love discussion! I don't want to clutter your comment section up either, though haha.

Cathy, I have a question (I am no expert on liturgical music, so I really am curious). Are you saying we should only sing songs with those lyrics?

And what about Church Father, St. Ephram from the 4th century? I was reading about him recently and from what I was reading, he is the Father of Hymnody and is one reason we began singing hymns during the liturgy. I think he wrote hundreds of hymns that are still used today (often in the Eastern Liturgy). I guess I am just wondering where that fits in with it all... because it seems like it was okay to write worship hymns before the 800's?

I always get so mixed up with debates on music... I should prob just read more on it.

Karey said...

Lauren - I do agree that folk songs don't have a place in the Mass. I just like to defend them since sometimes they get called evil and of the devil.. haha! NOT that you said that, of course!

So I'm assuming you guys don't like "contemporary" Masses geared towards teens where songs from Christian radio are sung?? I don't really have a problem encorporating young people in the Mass (as long as it doesn't isolate them from the community at large), but why can't we instead introduce them to the beauty of liturgical music, instead of trying to compete with Protestant services? There's a time and place for everything, and Mass isn't the time nor the place for these songs (even though they are nice and I know all the words :) ).

Cathy said...

No, no, Sarah.

I love old Catholic standards from the 40s.
Love em.
Don't be sitting in the pew behind me during "Immaculate Mary" because you might have a less than otherworldly experience.
:)

I'm saying it was just -- easier -- when you couldn't write your own lyrics, especially if you were a United Church of Christ goer, like Haugen.

I just threw 800AD out there as a random timeline.
I have no idea if I'm in the ballpark.
My point is that until 1960ish, at Mass, you would hear very, very specific texts - the unchangeable parts of the Mass and maybe a nice motet.

I love Hildegaard von Bingen's beautiful compositions, too. (An example of non-Mass early music.)

And hymnody is wonderful. I love the psalms, etc.
One of my favoritest composers evah is Billings, an American protestant who wrote amazingly beautiful hymns in the late 17, early 1800s.
His lyrics were straight out of the Bible, often, but not always.
But they always, always gave glory to God. (Well, his religious texts - he also wrote beautiful secular music.) They weren't God 1st person - they were the voice of an awestruck worshiper giving glory to the Lord.

I am the first to admit, I don't like 1st person God texts.
But I know many people are fond of those songs - they are wildly popular.

Sarah said...

Cathy - Ah, okay thanks for the explanation! That makes sense to me! Yes, I can see how identifying limits would make things easier although I am also grateful for the creative license the Church allows, too (love Immaculate Mary too!). One of my favorite Church Father stories: As you probably know, St. Ephrem was famous for re-writing the lyrics of a heretical popular song to make it glorify God, and his new, artistically superior lyrics became so popular with the youth the heretical version was all but forgotten. Gotta love those creative Saints!

Cathy said...

One thing on my bucket list is to be able to sing Immaculate Mary at Lourdes one day during a procession...

Maria said...

Lawsie Mercy--do I HAVE to post the "Steps for Writing a Marty Haugen hymn" again???

http://oxfiles.blogspot.com/2006/03/ten-step-marty-haugen-song-writing.html

I do not generally have a problem with the Biblically-based songs I grew up with, mostly by the St. Louis Jesuits. I guess that since I grew up with them, I do find them comforting, plus, I like the scripture-base much like All You Who Hope.

But those Marty Haugen songs really get my goat. They are so theologically offensive and just...blah.

I have beefs with other songs too--like that horrid song "Anthem". (Who was justice for the poor, who was rage against the night, who was hope for peaceful people, who was liiiiiiight") What does that MEAN????

Another one of the songs I love to hate is Gather Us In. For more chuckles on that piece of word vomit, go here: http://the-american-catholic.com/2009/11/10/gather-us-in/

I really dislike any songs that talk about gifts to be shared, bread for a table, dancing in a valley, dreams of a spirit, gathering in justice, fields of wheat, etc.

Lauren @ Magnify the Lord with Me said...

I got behind! I made myself turn off the computer until I vacuumed and mopped! I'm glad you both clarified. I was a bit confused with the lyrics, too. Reading your comments makes me realize I am FAR behind and not as informed as I'd like to be. I've only been thinking about this for a few months now. I'm so glad you're sharing your expertise!

And AYWH- I agree 100% with your take on young adult Masses. Let's raise them to the level of glory in the Mass- not water it down! Expectations are so key- and we've expected FAR too little of our teens for the last few decades. We have a major crisis in faith as a result of such poor catechesis. And no I don't think these songs are from the devil!!! HA HA! I know what you mean regarding the extremes!

But Marty Haugin, David Haas, or Michael Joncas tend to make me cringe!

Lauren @ Magnify the Lord with Me said...

Maria I was so hoping you'd join us!!!! Y'all should really check out her links. Where do you find these things, Maria?

To be clear- I am not at all- AT ALL- against Biblically based songs! I LOVE singing Scripture!!! LOVE LOVE LOVE it!!! I cringe at the idea of singing words in God's voice. It seems we should be singing words of praise, adoration, thanksgiving, and our response to His merciful and amazing promises- not patting ourselves on the back and saying what a good job we're doing.

Cathy said...

One thing I love about really good religious music is that it encourages me to learn more.
I was so moved by Billings' "Lamentation of David" that I had to find out more and I made a video of it!

David loses two children in Scripture - one, an infant and the other Absalom. With the infant, he merely says (in effect) "God has taken my child - now let's move on" but with Absalom, he mourns and cries and pulls his hair for a LONG time. The reason? With the infant, he knew the child was with God - with Absalom, he knew he had died in a state of mortal sin and was probably in H-E-Double Hockey Sticks. I LOVED learning that and it really made the hymn come alive.

Here's the vid so you can hear how amazing the hymn is...

http://www.onetruemedia.com/shared?p=4634fa50fe6ea6aaf6154e&skin_id=1802&utm_source=otm&utm_medium=text_url

Lauren @ Magnify the Lord with Me said...

WOW Cathy! WOW!!!! I'd never heard of that song- nor ever really compared David's grief over his two sons! WOW!! Thank you so much for sharing this!

Cathy said...

You're welcome!
I think he's the most underrated composer of all.

What always puzzled me was how when David's infant was ill, he prayed and fasted and thought of nothing else other than asking God to spare his son.
When the child died, he was like (in my mind), "Welp, that's that."
I never knew WHY once the child died he "got over it" so fast.
I thought it was callous and odd.
I am so grateful to Billings for encouraging me to study it further.

Here's another of my faves from Billings with a video I made. I totally want it at my funeral. There will be much wailing and gnashing of teeth.
;)

http://www.onetruemedia.com/shared?p=463fd9d7f899a56f7e59c2&skin_id=1703&utm_source=otm&utm_medium=text_url

Megan said...

So interesting! I know the majority of the songs he listed, and it makes me sad! I never thought of it that way!

Maria said...

Lauren--about All Are Welcome--I think the whole song is stupid and trite. "Let us build a house where love can dwell and all can safely live?" What, with outlet covers and cabinet locks? And we don't "dream God's reign anew"
And his obsession with WHEAT. For pete's sake, he must have some kind of gluten issue.

I think the song is ridiculous and I hate when it's the processional. But what I don't understand is your comment, "All are not welcome"--what do you mean by that? Of course, not everyone can receive Communion, but I thought everyone was "welcome" to come to Mass. My dad attended Mass faithfully with my mom, not receiving communion, and ended up converting! Who is "not welcome" "in this place" meaning in the church?

Lauren @ Magnify the Lord with Me said...

It's very very personal and I"m not willing to share it on the blog yet. But certain people- while welcome officially and by Christ- are shunned by people. It's a personal problem I have with the song. I'll email you or we'll chat sometime.

Meg @ True, Good and Beautiful said...

I haven't read all these comments, but I look forward to reading them! It's funny because I recently had to take over as the music director at my little parish. It's a long story, but we have been on a crusade for the past two years trying to get good music in and bad music out. We follow a lot of what this book talks about. I might have to buy it! ;)

Laura @ Life Is Beautiful said...

What great points! I've heard similar points about nondenominational praise and worship music (focusing more on ourselves and our feelings vs. God and His attributes), but have not heard it said about these Mass songs! Wow! So thought-provoking. I found the book at our library (amazingly!) and reserved it. I'm looking forward to reading it. I definitely like singing at Mass; it's "praying twice," after all. Yet I can see how the types of songs named can take the focus off what's really going on-- Heaven on earth at the altar! :)
Thanks for sharing, Lauren!

By the way, are you liking my 'comment love'? ;D

Maria said...

Last one--one of my favorites. Hee hee!

http://oxfiles.blogspot.com/2006/02/catholicism-for-dummies.html

Leila@LittleCatholicBubble said...

Oh my gosh, I missed a lot! Need to catch up.... great topic!!!